I-sulphur

Livela
Xa itshile i-sulphur, iyanyibilika ibengamanzi abomvu okwegazi (Jonga lo mfanekiso ungaphezulu). Eli dangatye libonakala ngakumbi ebusuku. 
I-Sulfur crystal emhlabeni

I-Sulfur (okanye ui-sulphur) lilungu lekhemikhali. Isimboli okanye uphawu lwe-sulphur ngu-S, kwaye i-atomic number yayo ngu-16.

Ii-Properties[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]

I-Sulphur ligaqa eliqanda ngombala neli- nonmetal. I-ethe-ethe ke le sulphur (ikroboka lula) kwaye ibubukhazikhazi be-crystalline. Itsha lula, itsho ikhuphe impongo yomsi we-sulphur dioxide  oyityhefu. Inevumba elingacacanga. Ukuba iye yanyityilikiswa yaza yaboliswa ngokukhawuleza, yenza into efana ne-rubber ye-sulphur ebizwa ngokuba y"i-plastic sulfur". Izakuya isiya iphindela kwela bala layo liqanda ibe yinto ekroboka lula.   Ayinyibiliki emanzini. Ivumba elaziwa ngokuba y"i-sulfur" livela kwi-hydrogen sulfide nakwezinye iikhemikhali ezifana kwanazo.   Ezi sulfides zenzeka xa izinto zibola ngaphandle komoya. 

Ii-Chemical compounds[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]

Ii-sulphur compounds zizii-compounds zekhemikhali ezinee-sulphur ions. I-Sulphur iza ingeendlela ngeendlela: i-oxidation states oko kutsho i-oxidation iba kwezi zimo zilandelayo: -2 (i-hydrogen sulfide), +4 (i-sulfur dioxide, sulfites) ne +6 (sulfuric acid, sulfates) zizezona zixhaphakaileyo, nangona zikho ezinye imo ebakuzo i-oxidation.

I-Sulfur oxides[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]

  • I-Sulfur dioxide, yi-gas engenambala neyityhefu emandla, nesetyenziswa ukugcina ukutya ukuba kuhlale komile. 
  • I-Sulfur trioxide, intlobo ngeentlobo, ngamanye amaxesha izinto ezingamanzi, izinto ezikhathazayo neziyityhefu. 
  • I-Oleum, yi-sulfur trioxide enyibilika kwi- sulfuric acid
Ukumba isimbiwa iesiy-isulphur e-Indonesia

I-Sulfur acids[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]

Umxube we-sulphur oxides namanzi

  • I-Sulfurous acid, iyagungqa, kwaye ayinamandla
  • I-Sulfuric acid, ayigunqi, yi-acid enamandla, inkoliso yayo isebetyenzisa i-chemical emva kwamanzi
  • I-Hydrogen sulfate, i-ion yenzeka kuphela xa i-sulfuric acid ilahlekelwe yi-acidic proton enye
  • I-Hydrogen sulfide, i-gas enevumba nengenamandla, iba-acidic xa inyibilikiswe emanzini. 

I-Sulfides[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]

Iityuwa ze-hydrogen sulfide

  • I-Ammonium sulfide, isetyenziswa kwimibhobho encangathi kukungcola. 
  • I-Antimony trisulfide, isetyenziswa kwiintloko zematshisi ezi kuqhwithwa ngazo.
  • I-Arsenic trisulfide, yi-arsenic compound engenabungozi bungakanani
  • I-Barium sulfide, isetyenziswa ukwenza i- barium kwi-barium sulfate
  • I-Bismuth(III) sulfide, yi-bismuth ore
  • I-Iron sulfide, ifumaneka ngokwendalo njenge-pyrite 
  • I-Lead(II) sulfide, ifumaneka ngokwendalo njenge-galena 
  • I-Selenium disulfide, isetyenziswa kumafutha eenwele.
  • I-Potassium sulfide, isebenza ngamanzi
  • I-Silver sulfide, iyakrazuka xa ikwinto yesilivere 
  • I-Thallium(I) sulfide, ibhaqa into esemzimbeni
  • I-Tin(II) sulfide, yi-solid okanye ligaqa elimdaka bumnyama ngebala 
  • I-Tin(IV) sulfide, igaqa legolide, "igolide eli-mosaic"
  • I-Zinc sulfide, isetyenziswa kumaqam e-fluorescent

Ii-Sulfites[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]

Iityuwa ze-sulfurous acid

  • I-Sodium sulfite, isetyenziswa ukugcina ukutya komile. 
  • I-Potassium sulfite, isetyenziswa ukugcina ukutya kuhlaziyekile. 

I-Sulfates ne-bisulfates[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]

Iityuwa ze-sulfuric acid

  • I-Alums, zonke
  • I-Aluminium sulfate
  • I-Ammonium sulfate, isetyenziswa kwisichumisi okanye emgqubeni
  • I-Barium sulfate, isetyenziswa xa kuthathwa igesi ngendlela okusilwa ngayo ukutya esiswini. 
  • I-Cobalt(II) sulfate, isetyenziswa ekwenzeni ibala lezinto ezinobom okanye eziphefumlayo. 
  • I-Copper(II) sulfate, isetyenziswa xa kubulawa i-algae
  • I-Chromium sulfate, isetyenziselwa ukwenza i-chrome alum
  • I-Iron(II) sulfate, isetyenziswa kwi-reduction
  • I-Iron(III) sulfate, inqabile
  • I-Lead(II) sulfate, yilanti imhlophe iqinileyo kwincindi yesiciko see-batteries
  • I-Manganese(II) sulfate, isetyenziswa xa kugalelwa i-manganese emhlabeni
  • I-Nickel(II) sulfate, isetyenziselwa ukwenza ii-nickel compounds
  • I-Sodium bisulfate, isetyenziswa xa kusehliswa i-pH
  • I-Sodium sulfate, isetyenziswa kwizicoci okanye kwizinto ezikhucula ukungcola nasekwenzeni amaphepha. 
  • I-Thallium(I) sulfate, ayinambala ayinavumba ayinancasa kwaye iyingozi kakhulu kuba iyityhefu. 
  • I-Tin(II) sulfate, isetyenziswa ukwenza izinto ezenza ezinye iinkonkxa 
  • I-Zinc sulfate, isetyenziswa ekwenzeni ibala kwizinto ezinobom okanye eziphefumlayo.

Ezinye ii-sulfur compounds[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]

I-Sulfur(I) compounds
  • I-Sulfur(I) chloride, yinto engamanzi atyheli.
I-Sulfur(II) compounds
  • I-Sulfur(II) chloride, yinto enevumba nengamanzi abomvu 
I-Sulfur(III) compounds
  • I-Disulfur dinitride, yinto eligaqa elingenambala
  • I-Tetrasulfur tetranitride, yinto eligaqa embala we-orenji
I-Sulfur(IV) compounds
  • I-Sulfur tetrafluoride, yi-gas eyityhefu nengenambala
I-Sulfur(V) compounds
  • DI-Disulfur decafluoride, yinto engamanzi ayityhefu
I-sulfur(VI) compounds
  • I-sulfur hexafluoride, yigas enzima engenambala

Ukwenzeka nokulungiswa kwayo [tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]

Umgubo we-Sulfur owenziwe nge-sulphur dioxide nange-hydrogen sulfide evela emalahleni

I-Sulfur ingafumaneka emhlabeni kufuphi nee-volcanoes. Ii-minerals ezininzi zinee-sulfur ions. Amalahle ane-sulfur ions ezivela xa esitsha. I-Hydrogen sulfide ne-sulfur dioxide zezinye ii-sulfur compounds ezithi zikhutshwe xa esitsha amalahle. Zenziwa ukuba zisebenze ukuze kwenzeke i-sulphur.   Xa isemhlabeni i-sulphur, iyanyibilika, ize ityhalwe ngamandla inyuke ngemibhobho ngenxa yomoya oza ngoxinzelelo othi uminxane kule mibhobho. 

Imisebenzi[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]

I-Sulfur idla ngokusetyenziswa kumgubo wompu, kumachiza, nakwimatshisi. Imatshisi ikhupha i-sulfur dioxide xa ivutha, itsho ikhuphe ivumba layo. I-Sulphur iyinto ebalulekileyo kwii-cells eziphilayo. Ii-proteins ezininzi zine-sulfur. Ikwasetyenziswa nje nge- pesticide kwiifama ezi-organic.

I-Etymology[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]

Umgubo we-sulphur kuthiwa yashiyeka emva kokuba kwenzeke umntu ongaphezu kwendalo le siyibonayo. 

Ubungozi nokhuseleko[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]

I-Sulphur ayinabungozi, kodwa ii-chemical compounds ezenzeka xa isulphur ivutha okanye isitsha zinganobungozi obukhulu.  I-Sulfuric acid, umzekelo, ingalijika ibala lephepha libemnyama!

Imbali[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]

Igama lakudala ebekubizwa ngalo i-sulphur lithi brimstone. I-Sulphur yayisetyenziswa kwi-fumigation (ukwenza ii-fumes) kunye namachiza kwisiGrike sakudala. Ngo-1777, u-Antoine Lavosier wabonisana noo-soscience okokuba i-sulphur kwakuyi-element. 

Amaphepha azalana nala[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]

  • I-Periodic table
  • Uludwe lwee-elements ezixhaphakileyo
  • Ii-compounds ze-Sulphur

Ezinye ii-websites[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]