UNtsikana

• Intshayelelo ithathwe kwi-Wikipedia yesiXhosa

UNtsikana wasungula umbutho wokuqala wamakrestu angam’Afrika pha ngeminyaka ye-1815. Wayekwangumbhali wokuqala wamaculo ecawa abhalwe ngolwimi lwesiXhosa, kwaye iinno lakhe elibalaseleyo liyavela kwiincwadi ezininzi zamaculo ecawa zale mihla. UNtsikana lo wazalwa pha ngeminyaka ye-1780, kwisizwe sikaNgqika owayongamele amaRharhabe, wabaliphakathi ngokomnombo. Wayekhona xeshikweni ukufika nokuzinza kwabamhlophe kumntla weli (White settlement of the Eastern Frontier) kwaye kukho ungquzulwano phakathi kwamaXhosa nalamasetilane matsha. Utata kaNtsikana, uGaba wayenesithembu njengenkoliso yamaXhosa phambi kokuba aguqulwe (Bokwe 1914,4). Umama wakhe uNonabe wayengumfazi wesibini. Umfazi wokuqala wayenesikhwele waza wathyola uNonabe ngobugqwirha, uNonabe wanyanzeleka ukuba abaleke asindise ubomi bakhe.

Emva kwenyanga ezimbalwa uNtsikana wazalwa. Uyise kaNtsikana waya kumlanda xa wayeneminyaka elishuni elinesibini. Njengoko uGaba wayezele intombi kumfazi wokuqala, uNoyiki wamamkela njengonyana wakhe. UNtsikana ukhule esolusa umhlambi kayise kwaye efunda nokuzingela. Uthe xa alulutsha, wafika uVan Der Kemp wasemishini yecawa yase-London kule nginqgi ihlala uNtsikana. Ukusukela kumnyaka we-1799 ukuya kowe-1801, le mishini yaazama ukushumayeza abantu balapha, kodwa impumelelo yayo yabancinci. UNtsikana waqala ukuwuva kuye lo myalezo wobuKrestu. Kusenjalo, uVan Der Kemp wawushiya umhlaba kaNgqika waya kuhlala eGraaff-Reinet. Imfazwe yalandela kwi-eastern frontier phakathi kweenkosi ezitshatsheleyo zakwaRharhabe, uNgqika noNdlambe. Le mfazwe yaphela kwidabi lase-Amalinda apho uNgqika wohlulwa khona. Amajoni kaNdlambe ahlasele iGrahamstown ngowe-1819 (kwi-frontier war yesihlanu), kwaye umda wamiliselwa phakathi komlambo iKeiskamma ne-Fish river. Zange kwafika zimishinari kwingingqi kaNtsikana de yabangowe-1816. Yayingumfundisi u-''Joseph Williams'', owavula isikhululo see-mishinari ecaleni komlambo iKat.

Emveni kobukhwetha nokungena ebudodeni, uNtsikana wathwalelwa abafazi ababini. UNontsonta owabangumama kaKobe, uNomamto owabangumama kaDukwana nabaninawa bakhe ababini. Ekuswelekeni kukatata wakhe, uNtsikana wafumana ilifa. Ngeli xesha uNtsikana wayeneembono. Wayenenkunzi yenkomo awayeyithanda Kunene, yayilubhelu inamachokoza amhlobhe, ineempondo ezinkulu igama layo inguHulushe. Ngenye intsasa wavukela ebuhlanti waya waphawula imitha yelanga ekhanya ukodlula eminye ikhanya kwicala lale nkunzi. Wakhangela imvelaphi yale mitha. Xa ebuza uKobe owayemi ecaleni kwakhe ukuba usibonile na esi sehlo, uKobe waphendula ngelithi hayi andibonanga nto. UNtsikana wamangaliswa sesisehlo. Kwenzeka omnye ummangaliso kwangaloo mini emtshatweni. UNtsikana waya waguduka nosapho lwakhe, kwalapha endleleni waya wavasa imbola yakhe. Akekho owayekuqonda okwenzekileyo kuye. Ekuhambeni kweentsuku waqala wandumzela iculo elaphela iliculo lakhe lecawa. Waxelela abantu ukuba kumele bathandaze, waqala ngoko ukubamba inkonzo rhoqo. Wathi mabangalimameli ela xhwele uNxele. Oku yaba sisiqalo sebandla lakhe. UNtsikana akazange ahlale eMission kodwa wayemndwendwela umfundisi uWilliams, nasekuswelekeni kukaWilliams waqhubekeka endwendwela umfundisi uBrownlee. Phambi kokuba asweleke ngonyaka we-1821, wayecinga nzulu ngokuyokuhlala kwimishini iChumie (Hodgson 1981,6). UNtsikana wabhala amaculo ecawa amane, elona laziwayo leli lakhe. Onke asafumaneka kwiincwadi zale mihla zamaculo ecawa.

Ukuvela kukaNtsikana umfo kaGaba kwincwadi kaRhubusana

Kwathi xana umzi uxonxe kunene iindlebe ukuphula-phula uNxele, iziziyunguma KwaXhosaemzini wonke, wavela uNtsikana, eselesithi yena kuthiwa: "Phuthuma abantu, uNxele uyabalahla."

Kwathi eseGqorha, kuba wayethe ngalaa nto yokuba bekusithiwa amaNgqika ayakuba ziinkuni, iimbovane namawa, naye wavuza namanye amaNgqika awaye thambele intetho kaNxele, esoyika nokoyika ukuba yenye yezo zinto zibhaliweyo, ngasentla, waba kwaNdlambe eGqorha apho. Waathi ke ngamhla uthile, wavuka kusasa lingekaphumi ilanga way'ebuhlanti; njengoko belinjalo isiko lakwaXhosa; indoda ibivukela ebuhlanti.

Ekufikeni kwakhe ke ebuhlanti uphangelelene nenkwenkwe egama linguNgcongolo, uMlawoti elinye igama layo. Le nkwenkwe yayingumtshana kaPeyi, into kaNtshingana enkulu, noChewu ekunene, ozele uMhana, Ngcolomba, noDayile osisityebi seegusha neenkomo eRhafu ngoku. UChewu lowo waakhulela kulonina emaMfeneni, abanye sebemazela ubumfene, kanti ke ngumCirha. UNgcongolo ngokwakhe yinto yasemaNyhwabeni. Inkwenkwe le yayibamba inkonyana, yena elel'ethe tyu ngesisu emivalweni. Ithe iminzwi yokuphuma kwelanga yema kuye, yema enkabini yakhe yenkomo ebesayakuthi xa eyibiza ngu:-

Hulushe, uNgqez'eqamtweni,

Ilunga lamaphakathi

Uvakele esithi enkwenkweni, "Uyayibona na le nto ndiyibonayo imi kum, yema kule nkabi?" Ithe yona "hayi." Wetshintshilili ke omnye waya kungena endlwini yodade boyise. Uthe ke esahleli njalo kwangena uNgcenge. Wathi kuba wayengaboni kakuhle wamnyathela. Bamngxolisa abantu, koko wathi yena lo unyathelwayo, "Myekeni inene ubengandiboni. Emva koko uthe engaphakathi endlwini (Kaloku bezimbini izindlu zakhe,kuba abafazi bakhe babebabini) yomncinane, wasuka waphuma waya kulaa ndlu yomkhulu, waman'ehleli kungekho nto ayixelela bani mayela nento abeyalame kusasa. Kuthe kuba yayingamaxhaphetsu kulungiselelwa ukuya emdudweni ngaloo mini, waman'ecombela kancinane ukulungiselela wada washiywa. Uthe kwakuba semini, ngokubek'umzi, wahamba wasinga emdudweni kwaHlahla. Kwaadudwa ke ngaloo mhla, eman'ukuthululisana amabandl'amaRharhabe, wada naye waconiseka,

UNokhonongo

Imaz'egush'ibele

Naanko esiya kungena eluhlwini, wasuk'umoya wasisiphotshongela, wasel'esiya kuhlala phantsi, waphela umoya akuhlala phantsi. Aaduda akayeka wona amabandla akhona, zatsholoza iintokazi. Usukile kwakhona, wanduluka nomoya, wenza kwa siphontsholobe, wabuya waya kuhlala phantsi, waphela umoya. Aamfundekela amabandla akowabo. Ubuye wesuka waya kwaseluhlwini, wavuka umoya wasisiwandawili. Kuthe kwakuba njalo wasele sithi kubantu bakowabo, "Hambani sigoduke". Kanti esitsho nje sekuvuke laa nto ebeyibone kusasa Baahamba bahamba, bathi bakufika emlanjeni eGqorha, wayihlamba imbola xa kanye bagodukayo. Abantu bamangaliswa kunene akuba lo mfo esuke wawushiya umdudo. Yaabothusa nento yokuba asuke ayihlambe imbola akufika emlanjeni. Baafika ekhaya, kwahlwa okungaliyo, wabe lo mfo engakhankanyi nto mntwini ngento emgumbayo, wasuka waya kulala.

Kwathi kwakusa ngemini elandelayo, wavukela kwasebuhlanti. Uviwe apho ngasebunhlantu sele elugwaluma esithi:- "Le nto indingeneyo ithi, "phuthuma abantu uNxele uyabalahla, akukho bantu bayakuvuka!". Utsho wathi, "Phuthumani inkomo yam kuye". Waasuka umzi wathi chasi phandle, liwuthe tshipha ukuba kazi umntu unantoni na, baye besithi, ngahl'uba uyageza. Uthe guququ wabhekisa kubo, wathi:-"Mna le nto indingenileyo ithi, "Makuthandazwe."

Bathe ke abantu bakubona le nto bakhupha uPeyi noKhupha ukuba babike emzini waye umzi sewusuke wazishwayimbana ngento angayaziyo engene umntu ongaka. uthe wakuthontelana umzi wathetha umfo kaGaba wathi, " Le nto indingenileyo mzi wakowethu ithi, makuthandazwe, kunjalo nje akukho mntu wumbi uyakuyazi le nto ngaphandle kukaNgcongolo (Rev. Mr. Read umfi omdala). Zithe zakunduluka izizwe wawuqala umsebenzi omkhulu, awawuthanda wawugcina kwada kwasekufeni, umsebenzi wokushumayela iLizwi likaThixo.

Umise wathi makuphuthunywe laa nkomo wayeyirhume uNxele, bathe bakuthi abantu awayebathuma "Asimazi", bambi bathi, "Mhlawumbi akasayikuvuma nayo", wathi yena, "Umntu eniyakuthi nihlangane naye xa nisiya kulaa mzi, zenazi okokuba nguye lowo. Akasayi kwala nayo loo nkomo uyakunikhululela. Ngenene kwaba njalo, baabuya nayo inkomo. Uthe ke le nto imngeneyo ithi, makuyiwe kushunyayelwa kuNdlambe. Esakufika uNtsikana eze kushumayela, uNdlambe uthe, "Makalale uNtsikana ndisaphulaphula uNxele"". UNtsikana waphindisa abo bantu babethunywe nguNdlambe esithi kubo, "Le nto ayithi mandilale, ithi mandithethe". Babuya amazwi ephel'emqaleni. Kwaathi kwakuba njalo, yayika imini yokokuba isizwe siye kwaGompo, apho uNxele wayesithi abantu bayakuphuma khona. Saqokoza isizwe, waye uNtsikana esithi, "Niyakubona, ayikho loo nto, into mna endiyibonayo niyakubuya sele nizingela iinyamakazi". Uthi owayekho, "saagqiba nje ukuhlamba kuphela, sathi xa siqwalasela, saqwalasela, yaba yingongolotela'. Kwathi kanti ke ngenene bayakubuya bezingela. Waqala ngoko ke umzi ukufun'ukuthi ngxumbu ngokuthi, intetho yomfo kaGaba inamava.

• Ukubizelwa kwabantu etyalikeni

Ubesithi ngoms'obomvu aphume eme phambi kwendlu yakhe, athi:- Sele! Sele! Sele! Yhizani nonke zihlwelendindi, yhizani nina bantwana, nize kuva izwi lale Nkosi, ilizwe libuyele layingqongana, oyakuliva ngoyakulihlawulela. Sabelani niyabizwa eZulwini! Sabelani niyabizwa phezulu! Sele! Sele! sele! Se'e! Hom, hom, hom, hom!" Atsho ke athi "Ncincilili" angene kwasendlwini. Yeka ke! naabo abantu kunye neentsapho zabo beleqa khona. Wayemana ebubula, ebubula, phambi kokuba atyalusele ukuvuma. Kuye kwaya kaloku kwakhungela, abesele ebharhumla umfo kaGaba sel'eyingwexa amehlo, kub'amehlo akhe ebemakhulu ebomvu. Ibingena kabini ke ityalike, kusasa nangokuhlwa ngeentsuku zeveki, kodwa ngeCawa ibingena kathathu, kusasa, emini nangokuhlwa. Lwaye uninzi lwamabandla lusithi uyageza, makasikwe, yaba livusokazi elikhulu elo.

• Iculo likaNtsikana

Ulo Thix'omkhulu, ngoseZulwimi;

Unguwena wena, Khakha lenyaniso.

Unguwena wena, Nqaba yenyaniso.

Unguwena wena, Hlathi lenyaniso.

Unguwena wena, Uhlel'enyangweni.

Ulo dal'ubomi wadala Phezulu.

Lo mDal'owadala, wadala iZulu.

Lo menzi weenkwenkwezi, nozilimela,

Yabinz'inkwenkwezi, isixelela,

Lo menzi weemfama na, uzenz angabom?

Latheth'ixilongo lisibizile.

Ulongqin'izingela imiphefumlo.

Ulohlanganis'imihlamb'eyalanayo.

UlomKhokheli wasikhokhela thina.

Ozandla zakho, zinamanxeba Wena.

Onyawo zakho, zinamanxeba wena.

Ugazi lakho limrholo yhini na?

Ugazi lakho liphalalele thina.

Le mal'enkulu na, siyibizile?

Lo mzi wakhona na siwubizile?

Kukho indawo esinqwenela ukuyilungisa kulo eli culo likaNtsikana, kuba ayivakali into eyithethayo. Le ndawo ikumgca wokugqibela ithi:-"Lo mzi wakhona na siwubizile? Iyimposiso. Ngamanye amazwi kuphazamekile. Laa mazwi ebefanelwe kukuthi, -"Lo mzi kaKhonwana siwubizile. Lo khowana ke wayethetha ngaye nguyise kaJotello noJiyelwa nabanye; yinto yasemaJwarheni, kaMthika, yomlibo wakwaSoga. Lo mzi wayewumemela enguqukweni, kuba ubulumelwane oludala lwamaCirha olwaye lububukhwe bakhe, kuba umkakhe wasekunene, unina kaMakhombe (Dukwana) yayi ngumJwarhakazi. Mhla wasabela lo mzi, kumhla kwaguquka uMazaleni, kwathi ukwaleka oko kwaguquka uSoga, "USongcangcashe, udolo limdaka," into kaJotello enkulu. Lo Khonwana ngumyeni wasemaBambeni kwaRhila.