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Malta , , [1] ), ngokusemthethweni iRiphabhlikhi yaseMalta ( ), lilizwe lesiqithi kuMazantsi Yurophu, ekuLwandle lweMeditera . Iqulathe ichwebakazi, phakathi kweItali neLibya . [2] Ihlala kuma 80 kilometres (50 mi) emazantsi eSicily ( eItali ), 284 kilometres (176 mi) kwimpuma yeTunisia, [3] kunye ne 333 kilometres (207 mi) emantla eLibya .


Iilwimi ezisemthethweni ziziMalta kunye nesiNgesi, kwaye i-66% yabemi baseMalta yangoku banolwazi ubuncinane ngolwimi lwesiTaliyane .

IMalta ibimiwe ukusukela malunga ne5900 BC. [4] Indawo yayo embindini weMeditera [5] ngokwembali iyinike ukubaluleka kobuchule njengesiseko somkhosi waselwandle, ngokulandelelana kwamagunya akhuphisanayo kwaye alawula iziqithi, kubandakanya amaFenike kunye namaCarthaginians, amaRoma, amaGrike, ama-Arabhu, amaNorman, amaAragonese., Knights of St. John, French, and British, phakathi kwabanye. [6]

Ngabantu abamalunga nama-516,000 kummandla wama- 316 square kilometres (122 sq mi) , iMalta lilizwe leshumi-elincinci kwihlabathi ngokwengingqi [7] [8] kunye nesine ilizwe elinabantu abaninzi elizimeleyo . Ikomkhulu layo yiValletta, eyona mali incinci yelizwe kwi- European Union ngokwengingqi nabemi. Ngokutsho kwedatha evela kwi-2020 yi -Eurostat, i-Functional Urban Area kunye nommandla we-metropolitan wagubungela sonke isiqithi kwaye unabemi be-480,134, [9] [10] kwaye ngokutsho kweZizwe eziManyeneyo, i- ESPON kunye ne-EU Commission, "indawo yonke IMalta yenza idolophu enye". I-Malta ngokunyukayo ibizwa ngokuba yi- city-state, [11] kwaye ikwadweliswe kuluhlu olubhekiselele kwizixeko okanye imimandla yemetropolitan.

IMalta yaba yikoloni yaseBritane ngo-1813, isebenza njengesikhululo sendlela yeenqanawa kunye nekomkhulu leBritish Mediterranean Fleet . Yayirhangqwe ngamagunya e-Axis ngexesha leMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi kwaye yayisisiseko esibalulekileyo se-Allied ekusebenzeni eMntla Afrika nakwiMeditera. [12] [13] Ipalamente yaseBritane yapasisa uMthetho wokuzimela kweMalta ngo-1964, inika iMalta inkululeko kwi-United Kingdom njengeLizwe laseMalta, kunye no -Elizabeth II njengokumkanikazi wayo. [14] Eli lizwe laba yiriphabliki ngowe-1974. Ibe lilungu leManyano yeZizwe eziManyeneyo kunye neZizwe eziManyeneyo ukusukela ekufumaneni inkululeko, yaza yajoyina i -European Union ngo-2004; yaba yinxalenye yomanyano lwemali lwe-eurozone ngo-2008.

IMalta inamaKristu ukusukela ngexesha lobuKristu bokuqala, nangona ubukhulu becala yayingamaSilamsi ngelixa yayiphantsi kolawulo lwama-Arabhu, ngelo xesha amaKristu ayenyanyezelwa. Ulawulo lwamaSilamsi lwaphela ngokuhlasela kukaNorman eMalta nguRoger I ngo-1091. Namhlanje, ubuKatolika yinkolo yaseburhulumenteni, kodwa uMgaqo-siseko waseMalta uqinisekisa inkululeko yesazela neyonqulo. [15] [16] Uqoqosho lwaseMalta luxhomekeke kakhulu kukhenketho, kwaye ilizwe lizikhuthaza njengendawo yokuya eMeditera kunye nemozulu efudumeleyo xa kuthelekiswa neYurophu iphela, iindawo ezininzi zokuzonwabisa, kunye nezikhumbuzo zezakhiwo kunye nembali, kubandakanywa iindawo ezintathu zeLifa leMveli le-UNESCO : Ħal Saflieni . IHypogeum, [17] iValletta, [18] kunye neetempile ezisixhenxe ze-megalithic ezizezinye zezakhiwo ezindala ezikhululekileyo kwihlabathi. [19] [20]

  1. ↑ See entry for 'Malta' in the Shorter Oxford English Dictionary
  2. ↑ Chapman, David; Cassar, Godwin (October 2004) "Valletta" Cities 21 (5): 451–463 doi:10.1016/j.cities.2004.07.001 
  3. ↑ Ashby, Thomas (1915) "Roman Malta" Journal of Roman Studies 5: 23–80 JSTOR 296290 doi:10.2307/296290 
  4. ↑ "First inhabitants arrived 700 years earlier than thought" Times of Malta archived from the original on 22 Oct 2022 retrieved 25 March 2020  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  5. ↑ Boissevain, Jeremy (1984) Ritual Escalation in Malta in Eric R. Wolf "Religion, Power and Protest in Local Communities: The Northern Shore of the Mediterranean" Religion and Society (24: Religion and Society) (Walter de Gruyter) p. 165 ISBN 9783110097771 ISSN 1437-5370 
  6. ↑ Rudolf, Uwe Jens; Berg, Warren G. (2010) Historical Dictionary of Malta Scarecrow Press pp. 1–11 ISBN 9780810873902 
  7. ↑ Sultana, Ronald G. (1998) "Career guidance in Malta: A Mediterranean microstate in transition" International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling 20: 3 doi:10.1023/A:1005386004103 archived from the original on 2 February 2017 retrieved 27 January 2017  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  8. ↑ "The Microstate Environmental World Cup: Malta vs. San Marino" Environmentalgraffiti.com 15 December 2007 archived from the original on 25 January 2013 retrieved 31 March 2009  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  9. ↑ "Population on 1 January by age groups and sex – functional urban areas" Eurostat 2020 retrieved 5 March 2022 
  10. ↑ "Population on 1 January by broad age group, sex and metropolitan regions 2020" Eurostat 2020 retrieved 5 March 2022 
  11. ↑ Terterov, Marat; Reuvid, Jonathan (2005) Doing Business with Malta GMB Publishing p. 167 ISBN 9781905050635  Unknown parameter |url-access= ignored (help)
  12. ↑ "GEORGE CROSS AWARD COMMEMORATION" VisitMalta.com 14 April 2015 archived from the original on 3 April 2015 retrieved 20 April 2015  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  13. ↑ "Should the George Cross still be on Malta's flag?" 29 April 2012 archived from the original on 27 April 2015 retrieved 20 April 2015  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  14. ↑ "Christmas Broadcast 1967" archived from the original on 2 May 2015 retrieved 20 April 2015  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  15. ↑ "Constitution of Malta" Ministry for Justice, Culture and Local Government archived from the original on 1 October 2018 retrieved 10 February 2018  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  16. ↑ Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) "Malta" The World Factbook retrieved 16 May 2007 
  17. ↑ "Hal Saflieni Hypogeum" UNESCO archived from the original on 30 December 2013 retrieved 18 January 2014  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  18. ↑ "City of Valletta" UNESCO archived from the original on 25 March 2016 retrieved 18 January 2014  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  19. ↑ "Megalithic Temples of Malta" UNESCO archived from the original on 7 January 2014 retrieved 18 January 2014  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  20. ↑ "Malta Temples and The OTS Foundation" Otsf.org archived from the original on 8 February 2014 retrieved 31 March 2009  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
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