I-Habitat (indawo ekuphila kuyo izilwanyana nezityalo)
I-habitat yindawo esikhulele kuyo isilwanyana, isityalo, osohlobo oluthile, okanye olunye uhlobo lwe-organism.[1][2] natural eyindawo enjalo ngokwendalo yayo apho isidalwa sihlala khona, okanye yindawo yendalo ejikeleze uluntu.[3]
Indawo eziphila kuzo izilwanyana
[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]Uninzi lwezilwanyana luhlala kuhlobo olunye lwe-environment kuba kuzezona zingqinelana nazo. Sithi zi-'adapted' kwi-environment'. Umzekelo, izilwanyana ezifana namasele, ii-newts, namadada, zinoobhaxa beenyawo ezizinceda zitsho zikwazi ukudada emanzini. Ziziintlobo ngeentlobo ke ii-habitats kwaye zikwaziintlobo-ntlobo iindawo ezikwazi ukuphila kuzo.
Ukuba kuyenzeka itshintshe indawo yazo, ayisayikuzilungela izilwamyana nezityalo ukuba ziphile apho. Ngenxa yokokuba kaloku izilwanyana nezityalo zingayiqhelanga loo ndawo intsha lube nonxulumano phakathi kwazo nale ndawo intsha luluncinane, oku kungabanga amakhwiniba ngamakhwiniba. Ukuguquka kwemozulu ikwenza okokuba ezinye iindawo ezihlala kuyo izilwanyana neentaka zibeshushu,noko kunezo ziziqhelileyo ibe ke iintlobo ntlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana zifudukela kwiindawo ezipholileyo. [4] Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana azikwazi ukufuduka zitsho ke ngoku zingandi ziye zincipha ngokuncipha. Ingcali zenzululwazi zicinga okokuba 10% yezi ntlobo ekhulwini zingahamba zihambe ziphele ngenxa yolu tshintsho. [4] Ezinye iindawo zokuhlala izilwanyana nezokukhulela izityalo zilungiselelwe ukuba zihlale efama. Umzekelo ophilayo ngowase-Australia, ama-80% amahlathi e-eucalypt aagawulwa ukuze kwenziwe ifama kwiminyaka engaphaya kwa-210 eminyaka egqithileyo. [5] Oku kungachaphazela ubukho bamahlathi ekuphila kuwo izilwanyana ezinje nge-koala.
Plant habitats
[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]Kanye njengezilwanyana xa ziqhelene nendawo eziphila kuzo, kunjalo ke nakwityalo. Izityalo ziqhele ukumila zikhule kakuhle kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zeendawo. . Kangangokuba, isityalo ngasinye sinnepawu ezithile. Ezinye ziqhele ukuphila emhlabeni, ngeli lixa ezinye ziqhele ukuphila emanzini. Izityalo ezikhula emhlabeni zidla ngokuxhaswa ziziqu eziqinileyo ukuze zikhule kakuhle zibheke phezulu, ngelo xesha ezi zikhula emanzini zidla ngokuba neziqu ezizintswazana nje kuba kaloku zona zixhaswa ngamanzi.
Izityalo ezikhula kwimozulu engani mvula njengasentlango zinamagqabi ambalwa, angangabikho kwa ukubakho loo magqabi kwezinye izityalo, kwaye angazigcinela amanzi xa imvula ikhe yana. Uqhelana kwazo nomhlaba othile kunciphisa ukungabikho kwamanzi. Izityalo ezikhula kwiindawo ezinomthunzi zinamabhakubhaku amagqabi atsho athi ngokotha ilanga akhongozele imitha yelanga kangoko anakho, okanye akekelele ngaselangeni. [6]
Amanye amaphepha anokufundwa
[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]- ↑ "Habitat".
- ↑ Abercrombie, M.; Hickman, C.J.; Johnson, M.L (1966).
- ↑ "Living things: habitats and ecosystems".
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Harvey, Fiona (18 August 2011).
- ↑ "Land Clearing & Koalas".
- ↑ Learn Science workbooks grades 5-6, by Mike Evans and Linda Ellis. p.33