Calçoene
| Município de Calçoene | |||
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| — Umasipala — | |||
[[File: |250px|none|alt=|Irhuluneli ihlola indlela entsha eCalçoene]]Irhuluneli ihlola indlela entsha eCalçoene |
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 <div style="position: absolute; top: Expression error: Missing operand for *.%; left: 175.3%; height: 0; width: 0; margin: 0; padding: 0;"> Município de Calçoene |
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| Ilizwe |  Brazil |
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| Ngingqi | Mantla | ||
| State |  Amapá |
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| Yasekwa | NgoDisemba 22, 1945[1] | ||
| Government | |||
| • USodolophu | Lindoval Santos do Rosario (PSC) | ||
| Elevation | 3.0 m (10 ft) | ||
| Isiphaluka | |||
| • Total | 14,269 km2 (5 500 sq mi) | ||
| Uluntu(2020) | |||
| • Total | 11,306 | ||
| • Density | 0.79/km2 (2.1/sq mi) | ||
| Time zone | BRT (UTC−3) | ||
| HDI (2010) | 0.643 – phakathi | ||
| Website | www.calcoene.ap.gov.br | ||
I-Calçoene ngumasipala okwimpuma yelizwe lase Amapá eBrazil. Ibekwe kuLwandlekazi lweAtlantiki kwindawo yehlathi laseAmazon kufutshane neFrench Guiana. I-Calçoene ithatha 14,269 square kilometres (5,509 sq mi) kwaye inabemi abangama-11,306. Igama elithi Calçoene lurhwaphilizo lwe "Calço N" (North Wedge, enye yeendawo ezine zemigodi ezichazwe nguRhulumente waseBrazil ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20).
Esi sixeko sineyona mvula iphakamileyo kunayo nayiphi na eBrazil, enomlinganiselo wonyaka 4,165 millimetres (164.0 in). I-Calçoene yaziwa ngokuba yi-megalithic observatory yamandulo, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi "Amazon Stonehenge".[2]
Imbali
[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]Umda ophakathi kweFrench Guiana neBrazil wawungacacanga, yaye ngenkulungwane ye-19, kwagqitywa kwelokuba ummandla ophakathi kweAmazon noMlambo iOyapock wawungummandla ongathath’ icala. UPaul Quartier wayenentlanganiso kunye neenkosi zelali zaseCunani naseCarsewenne (ngoku: Calçoene) kwi-1885.[3][4] Ngo-1886, iRiphabhlikhi ye-Independent Guiana[4] yasekwa liqela labahambi baseFransi kunye neenkosi ezimbini zelali kunye neCunani njengekomkhulu. Iriphabliki engaqondwayo yahlala de kwangowe-1891.[5] Ngowe-1900, lo mmandla wawongwa eBrazil.[6] ICalçoene yaba ngumasipala ngo-1956.[7]
IJografi
[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]ICalçoene ijikeleze emantla nasempuma kuLwandlekazi lweAtlantiki, emazantsi ngoomasipala base Amapá nasePracuúba, kwaye ngasentshona ngoomasipala baseOiapoque naseSerra do Navio. ICalçoene 272 kilometres (169 mi) ukusuka kwikomkhulu lelizwe laseMacapá. Umasipala uqulathe i-23.23% 2,369,400 hectares (5,855,000 acres) Ihlathi lase-Amapá State, iyunithi yolondolozo yosetyenziso oluzinzileyo eyasekwa ngo-2006.
Enye yezona ndawo zinomtsalane kubakhenkethi lunxweme lwaseGoiabal kulwandle lweAtlantiki, ekwiikhilomitha ezili-14 ukusuka kwidolophu yaseCalçoene.[7] Unxweme luziikhilomitha ezi-4 ubude kwaye amanzi amnyama ngenxa yempembelelo ye-Amazon. [8]
Calçoene megalithic observatory
[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]
NgoMeyi ka-2006, abembi bezinto zakudala babhengeze ukuba bafumene indawo yokuhlola inzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi yangaphambi kobukoloniyali, ekusenokwenzeka ukuba yayineminyaka engama-500 ukuya kuma-2,000 ubudala, kufutshane neCalçoene. Ubudala busekelwe kwiishedi zomdongwe kwisiza esiye sabhalwa kwiminyaka eyi-2,000 ubudala. Isiza siphezu kwenduli kwaye sineebhloko zamatye ezinkulu ezili-127 zegranite, nganye kwiimitha ezi-3 (9.8 ft) ukuphakama, kwaye zembiwa ngokuqinileyo emhlabeni. Umembi wezinto zakudala uMariana Petry Cabral we-Amapa Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (IEPA) uthe indawo yokuqwalasela yenzelwe ukuba ihambelane nenjikalanga yasebusika. Ezinye imibutho yezolimo nayo yavelisa iindlela ezintsonkothileyo zokulandelela amaxesha abalulekileyo kwikhalenda yelanga. Ngesinye isikhathi, abaphandi abazange bacinge ukuba naziphi na iinkcubeko kwi-Amazon Basin ziye zaphuhlisa ubunzima obunjalo bokwakha indawo enjalo. Oku kuye kwayiguqula indlela abacinga ngayo.[9]
Ulwahlulo
[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]Umasipala waseCalçoene uqulethe izithili ezithathu: [10]
Bona kwakho
[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]Script error: No such module "Portal".
Iimbekiselo
[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]- ↑ "Calçoene" (in Portuguese) Macapá: Governo do Estado do Amapá 2011 archived from the original on 2014-02-22 retrieved 2014-11-18 Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ "Embrapa identifica cidade mais chuvosa do Brasil" (in Portuguese) Notícias Terra 2014-12-05 retrieved 2009-01-31
- ↑ Stéphane Granger (2011) "Le Contesté franco-brésilien : enjeux et conséquences d'un conflit oublié entre la France et le Brésil" Outre-Mers. Revue d'histoire (in French): 162–163
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "La république de Counani: L’homme qui voulut être roi" Une Saison en Guyane (in French) archived from the original on 6 June 2021 retrieved 30 March 2021 Unknown parameter
|url-access=ignored (help) - ↑ "The Loneliness of the Guyanas" New York Times retrieved 30 March 2021
- ↑ "Timeline Brazil" Library of Congress retrieved 31 March 2021
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 "História" Municipality of Calçoene (in Portuguese) retrieved 31 March 2021
- ↑ "Praia de Goiabal" Estados e Capitais Do Brasil (in Portuguese) retrieved 31 March 2021
- ↑ Wolford, Ben (2006) "Brazilian Stonehenge discovered" London: BBC retrieved 2014-11-18
- ↑ "História" Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (in Portuguese) retrieved 31 March 2021
Amakhonkco angaphandle
[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]- Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni (ngesiPhuthukezi)
- 'IAmazon Stonehenge' -ibali likaYahoo
- Iifoto
- "I-Calcoene, i-Stonehenge yaseBrazil", i-Archaeoastronomy, i-14 kaMeyi 2006