Umgangatho wobugcisa
Umgangatho wobugcisa [1] (okanye ulula nje umgangatho [2], ngamanye amaxesha ubizwa ngokungafanelekanga "umgangatho") luxwebhu, olusetyenziswa kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo, olumisela iinkcukacha zobugcisa bemibutho, izinto, iikhonsepthi. Ngokubanzi, umgangatho uchaza iimfuno zemathiriyeli, imveliso, izixhobo, imisebenzi, iinkonzo, imibutho, imisebenzi, iinkqubo, iiprojekthi, iinkqubo, amanani achubekileyo, iimodeli ezingabonakaliyo, isigama, izivumelwano, iindlela, zombini ngokubanzi kunye nezigaba/imiba eyahlukeneyo umjikelo wobomi wento nganye kwezi. Olunye uhlobo lomgangatho sisikhokelo, oko kukuthi, umgangatho ongenawo iimfuno, kodwa iingcebiso, imizekelo, ukutolika ngokwalo okanye ukuxhasa eminye imigangatho.
Imigangatho eyenza "usapho lwemigangatho" ngamaxwebhu, adityaniswe luluhlu lwamanani afanayo, olusakhelo ngokubanzi isihloko esithile (umzekelo, uthotho lwe-ISO 191nn, i-ISO 19101 ephantsi kwayo, ijongana nezihloko zejografi). Le migangatho, enokuba ngokubaluleka kwilizwe okanye kumazwe ngamazwe, izotywe ngamaqumrhu athile okubeka emgangathweni Banikezela ngolwimi oluqhelekileyo lonxibelelwano phakathi kwamashishini, ulawulo loluntu kunye nabasebenzisi/abathengi, ukuseka ulungelelwaniso lwentlalo noqoqosho phakathi kwabadlali abahlukeneyo abathatha inxaxheba kwiintengiselwano zorhwebo, isiseko salo naluphi na uqoqosho lwemarike, kwaye zisisiseko esiyimfuneko sobudlelwane phakathi komthengi kunye nomthengisi. Kufuneka kucaciswe ukuba, nangona kunjalo, imigaqo yeyomsebenzi omkhulu kakhulu wokusetyenziswa, ngaphezu kwemicimbi yezoqoqosho okanye yobungcali.
Ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yobugcisa ngokuzithandela [2], kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo kuqhutyelwa ngamaziko abucala okanye aseburhulumenteni (umzekelo iinkampani, imibutho engenzi nzuzo okanye imibutho yolawulo lukarhulumente) ngenjongo yokulungelelanisa imigangatho ethile echazwe ngumgangatho ochaphazelekayo, ukufumana isiqinisekiso okanye ukwazi ukusebenzisa uphawu lokungqinelana.
- ↑ A volte, tra i non addetti ai lavori, si pensa al termine "tecnico" come sinonimo di "ingegneristico", "scientifico" o analoghe accezioni; in realtà le norme coprono uno sterminato campo applicativo, trattando temi che sono molto diversi da ciò che comunemente è inteso come "tecnico" (es. psicologia, gastronomia, educazione, materie sociali e politiche, procedure amministrative, marketing, ecc.)
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 UNI - Cosa è una norma