NgoSeptemba 11, 2001 ukuhlaselwa
Uhlaselo lwangoSeptemba 11, 2001 lwaba luluhlu lohlaselo lokuzibulala olulungelelanisiweyo, olwenziwa ngokuchasene neethagethi zabemi kunye nezomkhosi eUnited States of America liqela labanqolobi beqela labanqolobi iAl Qaeda [1]. Olu hlaselo lwabangela ukufa kwabantu 2 977 (kunye nabaqweqwedisi abali-19) kwaza kwenzakala abantu abangaphezu kwama 6 000. [2]
Kwiminyaka elandelayo, ukufa okungaphezulu kwenzeka ngenxa yamathumba kunye nezifo zokuphefumla ezinxulumene nemiphumo yohlaselo. Ngenxa yezi zizathu, nangenxa yomonakalo omkhulu weziseko ezingundoqo obangelwe [3], ezi ziganeko zisoloko zigqalwa ngoluvo loluntu njengezona zihlaselo zinzulu zabanqolobi kule mihla.
Ngentsasa yangoLwesibini i-11 Septemba 2001 iinqwelo-moya ezine, eziphuma kwiinqwelo-moya ezimbini ezinkulu zase-US (i-United Airlines kunye ne-American Airlines), zathinjwa ngabanqolobi abalishumi elinesithoba. Iinqwelo-moya ezimbini (i-American Airlines Flight 11 kunye ne-United Airlines Flight 175) zantlitheka kwiTower yaseMantla ne- South ye- World Trade Centre, ngokulandelelanayo, kwingingqi ye- Lower Manhattan eNew York . Kwiyure enye kunye nemizuzu engama-42 zombini iinqaba zadilika. Inkunkuma kunye nemililo emva koko yabangela ukuwa kwenxalenye okanye ngokupheleleyo kuzo zonke ezinye izakhiwo kwi-World Trade Center complex. Inqwelomoya yesithathu, iAmerican Airlines Flight 77, yantlitheka kwiPentagon, kwikhaya leSebe lezoKhuselo, eArlington County, eVirginia . Uhlaselo lubangele ukudilika kwefaçade yesakhiwo esentshona. Inqwelo-moya yesine, i-United Airlines Flight 93, yaqala yabhabha isiya eWashington ukuze ibethe i-Capitol okanye i-White House, kodwa kamva yantlitheka kwibala elikufutshane ne- Shanksville, ePennsylvania, kulandela imvukelo yamagorha yabakhweli.
Ukukrokra phantse kwawela ngokukhawuleza kwintlangano yamaphekula i-al-Qaida. I-United States iphendule ngokuvula " imfazwe yobunqolobi " kwaye ihlasele i-Afghanistan ukuze isuse ulawulo lweTaliban, ithintele i-al-Qaida kwaye ibambe okanye ibulale inkokeli yayo u-Osama bin Laden . ICongress yapasisa i- Patriot Act, ngelixa amanye amazwe eqinisa imithetho yabo yobunqolobi kwaye aqinisa amanyathelo okhuseleko lwelizwe. Nangona u-Osama Bin Laden waqala ukuphika naluphi na uhlobo lokubandakanyeka, kwi-2004 wachaza ukuba unoxanduva lweziganeko ze-11 Septemba [4] . Umbutho wabanqolobi wamaSilamsi awawukhokelayo ucaphula inkxaso yase-US kuSirayeli, ubukho bemikhosi yase-US eSaudi Arabia kunye nezohlwayo ezichasene ne -Iraq njengeenjongo zayo.
Ukutshatyalaliswa kweZiko loRhwebo lweHlabathi konakalisa uqoqosho lwaseLower Manhattan kwaye kwaba nempembelelo enkulu kwiimarike zehlabathi, kwaze kwabangela ukuba kuvalwe iWall Street kude kube nge-17 kaSeptemba. Ukususwa kobutyobo kwindawo yeWorld Trade Center (kamva eyabizwa ngokuba yiGround Zero ) akuzange kugqitywe de kwangoMeyi ka-2002. Umonakalo wePentagon walungiswa kwisithuba sonyaka. NgoNovemba 18, 2006, kwaqaliswa ukwakhiwa kwi -One World Trade Center, eyavulwa ngoNovemba 3, 2014 [5] [6] .
Phakathi kwezikhumbuzo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezikhumbuzo ezakhiwe ngokuhlonipha amaxhoba okuhlaselwa eNew York, kwindawo ye-World Trade Center complex, kukho iSikhumbuzo seSizwe se-11 kaSeptemba kunye neMyuziyam; iSikhumbuzo sePentagon sasungulwa eArlington County; I-Flight 93 National Memorial ibekwe kufutshane neShanksville, ePennsylvania.
- ↑ "Security Council Condemns, 'In Strongest Terms' Terrorist Attacks on the United States" (in English) United Nations 12 settembre 2001
- ↑ "Nine facts about terrorism in the United States since 9/11" 11 settembre 2013
- ↑ "The Cost of September 11"
- ↑ "Bin Laden claims responsibility for 9/11"
- ↑ "World Trade Center Re-opens as Tallest Building in America - One World Trade Center" 4 settembre 2015 archived from the original on 2015-09-04 retrieved 2023-09-23
- ↑ "One World Trade Center opens today" 3 novembre 2014