Group work

Livela

Imiba ethile eyayitshisa ibunzi ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-1950, yaye yathimba umbutho wotitshala besiNtu waseNtshona (CATA). Yayijikeleza ekugwebeni umthetho wocalucalulo ngokwentlalo  ka-1950 (Group areas Act of 1950), umthetho wempatho yeBantu womnyaka ka 1951 (Bantu Authorities Act of 1951) kunye nomthetho wemfundo yeBantu ngomnyaka ka 1953 (Bantu Education Act of 1953). Ngomnyaka wama-1950 ICATA yayiphantsi kwempembelelo yepolitiki yomanyano lwentshukumo yabo babengengobase Yurophu, owabambelela kwintetho ethi “Yala ukusebenzisana njengesixhobo sokuqhankqalaza”.

Ngomnyaka wama-1957 ugqirha Ntantala-Jordan wacelwa ukuba athabathe inxaxheba kwimagazini eyayibizwa ngokuba yiMzantsi Afrika kumabhinqa aseAfrika (Africa South on African women). Waye wakhetha ukubhala “ngamanye amabhinqa ekungekho mntu uke ave ngawo,  anamabali angazange  ake abaliswa ngoba ‘engezontsika’ zoluntu lwabo”. Ngokokwakhe la “yayingamanye wamantombazana endandikhule nawo, atshatileyo ngoku naphila impilo yabahlolokazi nanjengokuba amadoda wabo angekho esixekweni” (1992:164). Inqaku lakhe lesibini lalinesihloko esithi “Abahlolokazi bamayebeyebe”

Kwangaxeshanye mayelana nophuhliso ezilalini ezazisukuba zaBantu apho kwakukho inkcaso ekunyinweni kwesitoko  kwanokubekwa kweenkosi   kunye noosibonda  phantsi komthetho wempatho yeBantu  ka-1951 (Bantu Authorities of 1951). Ugqrirha Ntantala waye wacelwa ukuba aguqule incwadana eyayibhalwe ngu I.B. Tabata wentshukumo engeyoyaseYurophu,  enesihloko esithi: Yala ukusebenzisana njengesixhobo sokuqhankqalaza.  Ngokuka gqirha uNtantala, Inguqulelo yesiXhosa yalencwadana yaye yathathwa ngoonolali baseTranskayi njengebhayibhile yabo (1992: 167).

Le nto ingentla yimbonakaliso ecace gca yendlela ugqirha uNtantala-Jordan athe wanikezela ngobutyebi bakhe, watshintsha isimo, wazibandakanya nentlupheko yabantu bakhe.

Inkqubela kwezopolitiko ekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1950 ukuya ekuqaleni kweyama-1960 phantsi kwexesha lengcinezelo , yaye yafaka uxinzelelo kubemi boMzantsi Afrika abaninzi ababechasene nengcinezelo. Ngenxa yesi sinikezelo, zintathu izinto ezifanele kakhulu ukuvezwa : umthetho wocalucalulo ngokwentlalo ka-1950 (Group Areas Act of 1950), umthetho wokwandiswa kweedyunivesithi  womnyaka wama-1959 kunye nokucinezelwa kombuso kulandela uqhankqalazo lase Sharpville nase Langa ngosuku lwamashumi amabini ananye, kwinyanga yoKwindla ngomnyaka wama-1960 (21 March 1960). Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-1960, ukusetyenziswa kwalemithetho kunye nengcinezelo yezepolitiki ngokuchasene nocalucalulo kuzwelonke  yaye yabeka umthwalo onzima ku Jordan. Oko kwaphelela ekuthabatheni isigqibo sokuthatha iphemithi  (incwadana) yokuphuma. Yasebenza kakuhle le nto, yabenza abagxothwa  abangazange baze babuye ekhaya. Iintsalela zabo ngoku zibekwe kumhlaba welinye ilizwe eMelika (United States of America).

Umthetho wacalucalulo ngokwentlalo wathi kusenokwenzeka ukuba uJordan anganyanzelwa ahlale endaweni awayeyicaphukela kakhulu ugqirha Ntantala- Jordan. Umthetho wokwandisa iidyunivesithi waba nomcelimngeni wokuba abantwana babo, abanomlandu wesiXhosa, bazonyanzelwa ukuba bafunde kwidyunivesithi yase Fort Hare kunaleyo yaziwayo eyi UCT.  Ekugqibeleni , isibhengezo esasingxamisekile ngenxa yoqhankqalazo lwase Sharpeville  nase Langa olwenzeka ngomhla wama 21 kweyoKwindla ngowama-1960 ,kwaye kwakho ukuhlukunyezwa ngokubanzi kwabantu abamnyama. Kwenzeka ukuba u-A.C Jordan abengomnye wamaxhoba. Waye wavalelwa futhi wabethwa ngomhla wesine kwekaTshazimpunzi ngomnyaka wama-1960 (4 April 1960), emva kwentsuku ezintlanu kwesibhengezo esingxamiseileyo sombuso. Kwakhona lomlandu uyaqondeka abo bakwa Jordan baphelela elubhacweni.

Amanyathelo okuqala obomi bokubhaca ekuqaleni komnyaka wama-1961, u-A.C Jordan wanikwa iCarnegie Travel Grant ukuze atyelele iidyunivesithi kunye neekholeji eMelika. Wathi akungayinikwa incwadana yokundwendwela wancamela kwincwadana yokuphuma. Usapho lwakhe lwamlandela ngomnyaka wama-1962 baze baphetha bese Melika (United States  of America),  njengokuba sekutshiwo kulapho baye bangcwatyelwa khona. Ngenene ugqirha uNtantala wayeyingqondi ebalaseleyo, umbhali kunye nowezopoliyiko othetha kakhulu. Waye waguqulela  ngesilungu inoveli yomyeni wakhe ethi Ingqumbo Yeminyanya, wathetha kwiimfundiso ezisesidlangalaleni eziliqela, wabhala izincoko, amanqaku ngaphezu konke wabhala ibali eliyolisayo ngobomi bakhe elineshihloko esithi :”A Life’s Mosaic: ubomi buka Phyllis Ntantala.