IMyuziyam yoBugcisa obuhle yaseNantes

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Iziko Elinguvimba eligcina ubugcisa besandla yaseNantes (ngesiFrentshi: Musée d'Arts de Nantes ), kunye nemanye amaziko ovimba bephondo ebalishumi elinesine -14, yadalwa, ngomyalelo we-consular ngomhla we-14 Fructidor kunyaka we-IX (31 KweyeThupha 1801). ^[1] Namhlanje eliziko linguvimba lelinye lamaziko amakhulu kulomandla.

Uphahla oluyi-façade, kunye nezitepusi zendlu ezigcine iingqokelela zobugcisa zibhaliswe njengezikhumbuzo zamafa embali ukususela ngo-EyeDwarha 29, 1975.

Ngomhla we-18 kweyoMnga ka-2011, Iziko elinguvimba lobugcisa namagugu emiboniso lwezandla lavala iingcango zalo kangangexesha ekwakulindeleke ukuba libe yiminyaka emibini kuphela, ukuze yenze umsebenzi wokwandisa ulwakhiwo lwalo. Ngenxa yeengxaki ezinxulumene nokufunyanwa kwamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba kwiziseko, ezafuna phantse iminyaka emine yomsebenzi owongezelelweyo, ukuvulwa kwakhona kwesakhiwo sonke (esabizwa ngokuba yi "Art Museum of Nantes") kwahlehliswa kwade kwaba ngumhla wama-23 kweyeSilimela ka-2017. ^[2]

Isishwankathelo

Yasekwa phantsi kweConsulate nguNapoléon Bonaparte, Iziko lovimba lobugcisa bobugcisa besandla yaseNantes ifumana umsebenzi othengwe lilizwe kunye needipozithi zeziko lobugcisa olungaphezulu ( iLouvre ). Ithathe ukususela kwinkulungwane ye-19, apho yayiyindawo ebalulekileyo kwiingqokelela zikawonke-wonke zaseFransi ngokuthengwa sisixeko saseNantes kwingqokelela yabazala uPierre noFrançois Cacault . Ingxowa-mali, kunye nemisebenzi emikhulu, kamva yongezwa zezinye izipho ezininzi ezithe ngqo okanye ezisemthethweni, kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wokuthenga oxhaswa ngabahlobo beziko'vimba. Ukudibanisa oku namhlanje kongeza kule ndibaniselwano ityebileyo yeedipozithi zomsebenzi wemali yobugcisa bemihla ngemihla yesithili saseLoire kunye neZiko lasePompidou .

Eliziko elinguvimba lobnugcisa lunika umbono opheleleyo weenkqubo zobugcisa eziphambili zaseFransi naseYurophu, nto leyo ebeka iingqokelela zayo phakathi kwezona ngqokelela zinkulu zikawonke-wonke zephondo kunye namanye amaziko anguvimba bobugcisa obuhle zaseValenciennes, eGrenoble, eLyon, eLille naseMontpellier.

Imvelaphi

Ixhamle ngo-1804 nango-1809 ukuthumela kwilizwe imifanekiso engama-43 ethathwe kwiindawo zokugcina kwiziko elinguvimba lwemigcisa yencubeko ePhakathi. Le misebenzi ivela kwingqokelela yasebukhosini yangaphambili, kwiicawa nakwiindawo zoonongendi zaseParis zoloyiso lwenguquko likaNapoleon. Kodwa kukuthengwa kwengqokelela ngabazalanayo bakwaCacault kwisixeko ngo-1810 okunika iziko lwembali nencubeko yemiboniso yesandla yaseNantes ubutyebi bayo kunye nohlobo lwayo. Ngokwesixa esenziwe ngo-1818, ingqokelela iCacault yayiyeyona ngqokelela ityebileyo yemizobo enemibala eyayikho ngaphandle kweParis, kuba yayinemizobo eli-1,155, imifanekiso eqingqiweyo engama-64, kunye neengqokelela ezili-134 zemifanekiso. ^[3]

Kwade kwaba ngu-1830 apho iingqokelela zemiboniso zaziswa kuluntu kumgangatho weholo kunye nemizobo wemibala (ekwisitalato saseFeltre xa ubona imakethi endala yaseFeltre). Le ndawo yabonakala incinci kakhulu. Ngo-1891, isixeko sagqiba ekubeni sakhe isakhiwo esiyilelwe ukugcina nokusibonisa kuluntu kwiimeko ezilungileyo. Isiza esisikwere kufutshane nesikolo kunye negadi yezityalo, sikhethwe ukuba sibambe iPalace of Fine Arts yexesha elizayo. Lo msebenzii yayikukhuphiswano loluntu njenge "Ziko yemizobo yemibala kunye nemifanekiso eqingqiweyo ngezandla."

Uyilo lwezakhiwo

Ukwakha ukususela ngo-1893

Ophumeleleyo, loyilo lwezakhiwo lokuqala iNantes uClement-Marie Josso, wayila izicwangciso sePalace of Fine Arts ngokwemigaqo lwamaziko akutshanje zaseLille naseAmiens . Isicwangciso sacwangciswa sijikeleze intendelezo ephakathi egqunywe ngophahla lweglasi. Iziko lokubonisa umsebenzi wezandla ezimbini zesekethe kunye negumbi zijikeleze yona kumanqanaba amabini ngasemva kwezitebhisi ezimbini ezinkulu kunye nevestibule ephahleni. Amagumbi akumgangatho osezantsi akhanyiswa ziifestile ezinkulu, lawo aphantsi anezibane zanamhlanje eziphezulu ezenziwe ukuba zisebenze ngenxa yesakhelo sesinyithi sayo yonke.

Ukwahlukana kwezakhiwo kuhlangabezana noloyiso lwabayili bezakhiwo kwimiboniso yehlabathi ka-1900 (unyaka wokuvulwa kweziko elinguvimba lwembali) kwaye baziphindezela kwiinjineli zonyaka ka-1889. Umngxuma omncinci phakathi kweekwemtsika zesinyithi ubambe imifanekiso yobugcisa kunye noyilo phakathi komnyango wokungena.

Esi sikhumbuzo senkulungwane ye-19 yeminyaka, lweziko lovimba lobugcisa yakwazi ukuhambelana nokuboniswa kweenkcukacha ezicebileyo. Okwangoku, umboniso wexeshana onomdla uvumela ukusasazeka kwelifa lemveli kunye nokudalwa kwanamhlanje. Ukususela ngo-1985 ukuya ku-1990, isakhiwo sasigcina uninzi lwemali evela kwithala leencwadi likamasipala wesixeko ngaphambi kokuba sifakwe kwithala leencwadi elitsha le-Jacques Demy-media elalikwi-Quai Quai de la Fosse [ fr ] .

Iziko elinguvumba lobugcisa nengcubeko yexesha elizayo

Ngonyaka ka-2011, iziko elinguviumba lavalwa ixesha elicwangcisiweyo leminyaka emi-2 ukuze kwenziwe umsebenzi omkhulu wokwandisa indawo yayo ukuya kwi-17,000 ^m2, xa kuthelekiswa ne-11,400 ^m2, kunye nokuvala icawa ye-Oratory (esebenza njengendawo yemiboniso yexeshana lweziko) ekufutshane, ukwakha izakhiwo ezintsha ngokwezicwangciso zomyili wezakhiwo, uStanton Williams waseBritane, endaweni yezakhiwo zorhwebo. Lo msebenzi uquka ukwandiswa kwe-2,500 ^m2 yendawo yemiboniso (ngokuyintloko enikezelwe kubugcisa banamhlanje), uphuhliso lwe- auditorium enezihlalo ezili-180 kwipatio, ukuphucula ukufikelela kwisakhiwo sonke, uphahla olwaphukayo olwenziwe ngeglasi luhlaziywe ngokupheleleyo, ngenjongo yokusebenzisa ukukhanya kwendalo; kunye nabasebenzi bokwamkela iindwendwe kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukufunyanwa kwemibhobho yamanzi ebalulekileyo kwindawo yokwakha kulibazise inkqubela phambili, kwanyanzela abakhi bezakhiwo ukuba batshintshe izicwangciso zabo kwaye kongezelelwa iindleko ezongezelelweyo ze-10 yezigidi zeerandi. Kuzo zonke iindawo zemiboniso, lweziko likavimba lobugcisa ivulwe ngokupheleleyo ngomhla wama-23 Kweyesilimela 2017. ^[4] ^[2]

Ngenxa yotshintsho kuluntu lwasezidolophini kwisixeko esikhulu, Iziko yaba yi-Metropolitan ngomhla woku-1 kweyo-Mqungu ngo-2015. ^{[ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">isicatshulwa siyafuneka</span> ]}

Ngexesha likaJules Dupré

Indawo: 47 ° 13' 10" N 1° 32' 52" W

Umhlaba iJules-Dupré yindlela egangathiweyo edibanisa i-Georges Clemenceau St. ne-Gambetta St. ecaleni elingasentshona lweziko elinguvimba. Indawo yokungena iqale ekuqaleni, inqunyulwe ziheke kwicala ngalinye ukuze isetyenziswe liziko kuphela.

Igama lweziko elunguvimba nencubeko, elagqitywa ngowe-1899, yayiligama lokuhlonipha umzobi u-Jules Dupré (1811-1889).

Umda wendawo ekhuselweyo yase-Nantes udlula embindini wendlela. lweziko eliguvimba lobugcisa nencubeko lwezandla ayiyonxalenye yendawo ekhuselweyo.