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Amasiko akwaXhosa

Livela

Amasiko akwaxhosa abaluleke kakhulu kwindlu emanyama. Isiko sisenzo okanye inkolo yamakhaya ngamakhaya akwaXhosa. Isiko yinto eyenziwa kumzi othile, ngokwenkolelo yaloo mzi. Amasiko avamise ukwahluka ngokwenkolelo nangeziduko, into ethi ukuba inkolelo inye okanye isiduko sinye amasiko aloo mizi avamise ukufana. Kukho inkolelo yokuba isiko liyeza, umntu ongalenzelwanga isiko elithile uye afunyanwe kukugula okanye abe nemikhuba engaqhelekanga efana nokuchama xa elele.

Iindidi zamasiko akwaXhosa

[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]

Amasiko endlu emnyama angafaniswa nobunzi benwele zomntu ngamnye apha ehlabathini. Abantu abantsundu batyeshela amasiko abo kujongiwe, akho unqanda omnye kwesi senzo sibi kangaka, ngulowo nalowo uzihambela olwakhe uhambo aluthandayo nazikhethele lona. Mandulo phaya ngexesha lokhokho babantu abantsundu, isiko yayiyeyona nto ixabisekileyo kangangokuba kwakungekho nto yenziwayo kungaqalwanga kwisiko. Uninzi lwabantu bazigulula amathumbu obuXhosa intoethi abasawalandeli amasiko abo.

Ulwaluko lisiko elinenkqayi ubudala elithi lenziwe xa amakhwenkwe engeniswa ebudodeni. Umntwana oyinkwenkwe uvamise ukwenzelwa eli siko loku khuliswa kwakhe xa eneminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo. Eli siko libandakanya abantu abangoo tata ukulungiselela ukuya kwamakhwekhwe endle ukuyo hlala emabhumeni ngenyanga yeSilimela. La makhwenkwe xa esethafeni abizwa ngokuba ngabakhwetha. Emveni kokubuya kwabo babangamadoda ngokuthi bazibonakalise imfundiso zobudoda.[1] Kulapho sitsho sibone khona izenzo zabo ezibonakalisa ukukhula. Indlela yokuziphatha kwabo bolukileyo yeyona iqiqileyo, nekhethekeleyo kuba ithi phambi kokuba yenze ihlele. Indoda ngulowo ofuneme iziyalo zobudoda, oboniswe nendlela zokuzipha zakwaXhosa ngabo banamava. Indoda itsho ifuname umfazi ibe nabantwana nosapho oluleyayo olumanyeneyo.

Ukuthomba okanye intonjane

[tshintsha | Yenza izilungiso kokubhaliweyo]

Isiko lokuthomba lenziwa xa intombi ifikelele kwixa elithile ebomini apho kufuneka ukuba mayithonjiswe ifakwe ebudaleni. Intombi ngulowo onkomo zikayise zivele ngeempondo, into ethetha ukuba abantu bobulawu bangangena nangawuphi na umzuzu. Igama elithi ‘ntonjana’ lakhiwe kwigama elithi “thomba” elithetha ukopha, ukuya exesheni kwentombi ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Intombazana iyathatyathwa igcinwe emkhusaneni ixesha elingange veki okanye ezimbini ihlaliswe ngamanye amantombozane kwakunye nekhankatha layo.[2] Eli siko linceda ekubeni intombazane iziqonde ukuba sele indala ngoku kwaye ikulungele nokuba ngumfazi. Intombazana ixhotyiswa ngamasolotya obuntombi nangeendlela zokuziphatha ezithi ziphawuleke ngeenguqulelo eziza kwenzeka ebomini bayo. Eli siko lokuthombisa belisenziwa xa intombazana ifikelela ebuntombini. Intombi ibibuya nasemzini xa yende ingekathonjiswa kwaye ibijongelwa phantsi intombi ede yandala ingekathonjiswa. Unobangela wokubuya kwale ntombi kukungahanjelwa kakuhle zizinto zayo emzini wayo nokuhlupha. Kodwa kulemihla siphila kuyo ambalwa amakhaya alenzezayo eli siko.

Imbeleko lisiko lokuqala elithi lenziwe emntwini ngokwakwaXhosa akube elibonile ilanga. Mandulo phayana eli siko lalavamise ukwenzelwa umntwana emva kwentsuku ezisibhozo okanye azilishumi ezelwe, kuxhomekeka kwixesha ayiwise ngayo inkaba. Umntwana xa esandula ukuzalwa kuye kufuneke ukuba ombathiswe okanye enzelwe ingubo yakho. Igama elethi ‘imbeleko’ lakhiwe kwigama elithi ‘ukubeleka’ elithetha ukuthwala umntwana emhlana  ze abotshwe ngebhayi. Kwixesha lakudala phambi kokuba zibekho iingubo kwakuye kuxhelwe ibhokhwe ze kuthatyathwe ufele lwayo lusukwe de lube luyathamba, kukhutshwe nemitya kwalapha kulo ze ithungelwe ngothwathwa ukuze kubelekwe umntwana lowo. Eli siko lazisa umntwana kwikhaya elo lakhe ze inkaba yakhe yombelwe endlwini enkulu okanye ebuhlanti. Emveni koku uye athiywe igama azakuthi alilandele okanye elizakuthi lihlahlele indlela yakhe yombomi, yolonto kuye kuthiwe abanye abantwana bawalandele amagama abo. Kodwa le yokuthiywa komntana isenongenziwa emva kwembeleko njengoku kukho iyantlukwano kumakhaya ngamakhaya nendlela azenza ngayo izinto.[3]

  1. "Amasiko ama Xesibe" iAfrika - isiXhosa (in en-ZA) 2024-10-22 retrieved 2025-04-04
  2. https://uir.unisa.ac.za/bitstream/10500/2627/1/dissertation_gcingca_ndolo_%20z.pdf
  3. https://uir.unisa.ac.za/bitstream/10500/2627/1/dissertation_gcingca_ndolo_%20z.pdf