Walter Benson Rubusana

SANNC (London, 1914): Thomas Mapike, Walter Rubusana, John Langalibalele Dube, Saul Msane, Sol Plaatje

Mpilo Walter Benson Rubusana (21 March 1858 - 19 April 1936) waye ngomnye wabaqali bephephandaba lesiXhosa, Izwi Labantu, imali eyinikwe nguCecil John Rhodes, and in 1909 was the first Black person to be elected to the Cape Council (Parliament).

Rhubusana Walter Benson wazalwa ngomhla wama-21 kuTshazimpuzi ngo-1858 eMnandi eKapa eMzantsi Afrika. Wayengu gqirha ngokwemfundo. WayenguMphathiswa wezeenkonzo ezimanyeneyo, enguMongameli we- ‘’South African Native Convention’’, wakhokhela igqiza elalisiya e-London lisiya kukhalazela umthetho we- Native Land Act ka-1913, waba ngumAfrika wokuqala ezimbalini owonyulelwa ukuba abelilungu njengososiba wePhondo laseKapa, waba ngusekela Mongameli we-ANC, ititshala, umbhali.

Kubutsha bakhe

Mnandi kwisithili saseSomerset East eyayifudula ibizwa ngokuba yikoloni. Utata wakhe wayeliphakathi kwibhotwe lenkosi, uSandile Ngqika. Ngexesha lokuzalwa kwakhe uRubusana kungexesha lokoyiswa komkhosi wamaXhosa nokuchithakala kwesiKumkani samaXhosa kwakunye nokushokoxeka kwemali kwisizwe samaXhosa. Le mikhosi yohlulwa kwenye yemfazwe ezikrakra zemihlaba neyayanyaniswa naleyo kuthiwa yi”Second Hottentot Rebellion”. Akuba ewaphumelele amabanga aphantsi, uRubusana wangena eLovedale, isikolo seemishinari zeFree Church of Scotland neme kumathambeka okanye udonga lomlambo iTyhume. Phantsi koqeqesho lukaGqirha James Stewart, uye wafundela isatifiketi sobutitshala nalapho wathi ngonyaka ka-1878 waphumelela iimviwo zokuphela konyaka emagqabini. Endaweni yokuba aphumele ngaphandle ayekuhlohla, waye wakhetha ukuphinda ahlale kwalapha eLovedale enze izifundo zakhe zobufundisi ngokukhokelwa nguGqirha Stewart kunye nomfundisi uAndrew Smith.

Ubomi bakhe njengomsebenzi

Ngonyaka ka-1880 uRubusana wayifulathela iLovedale, wathabatha isithuba sobutitshala kwisitishi semishinari sasePiltoni, nalapho aphinde wasebenza njengomfundisi oncedisayo. Kukweli thuba ke apho wathi wazimanya ngeqhina lomtshato noDeena Nzanzana, unkosikazi wakhe wokuqala. Esi sibini sathi salizwa ngabantwana abangamantombazana abahlanu kwakunye nenkwenkwe enye. Uye waxelenga apha ePiltoni ke de kwafika ixesha lokuthanjiswa kwakhe njengomphathi weCongregational Church ngonyaka ka-1884. Eli ke ikwalixesha apho waye wathunyelwa eMonti, nekulapho wayeza kuchitha khona ubomi bakhe bonke. Lo kaRubusana wayelitsha-ntliziyo lezopolitiko kwiminyaka yoo-1900. Ngaphandle kokugqibelela kwakhe, lo kaRubusana nabo waye ncedisana nabo babe ngayiboni enye into ngaphaya kwenkqubo yenkulu-mbuso yamaBritani. Ngexesha lemfazwe yamabhulu namaNgesi, iAnglo- Boer War bonke bazijula ijacu benika inkxaso kumaBritani. URubusana kunye nabanye abaphathiswa bezonkolo bazila, bekwenza oku ngeenjongo zokunika uncedo kubasebenzi baseAfrika, ababhexeshi beekari, iintlola kwakunye nentlaninge yabantu; ukufaka isandla khona ukuze baxhase uloyiso lwamaBritani, nolwathi lwafika ngo-1902. Ezinye zezinto ezibuchaphazeleyo ubomi bukaRubusana yinkolo yobuKrestu. Waye ngumfundisi ozinikeleyo webandla leCongregational Church kwaye uthabathe inxaxheba kwiirhamente zalo nasekuhambiseni iindaba ezilungileyo ebantwini base-Afrika. Uguqulele imibhalo emininzi yeli bhunga likhankanywe apha ngasentla, ekwalilo nelungu leNative Education Association neyayikhokelwe ngu-Elijah Makiwane.

Njengombhali owaziwayo kulwimi lwesiXhosa, uRubusana waye watyunjwa ukuba ahlale kwiKomiti yeXhosa Bible Revision, neyayityunjelwe ukugqibelelisa umsebenzi wokuguqula, komiti leyo yayikhokelwe nguTiyo Soga ngowe-1850. Yena ke wayengumhloli womsebenzi wale komiti nowathi wapapashwa eBritane ngexesha wayekhaphe iKumkani yaBaThembu uDalindyebo kuthweso-sitsaba sika King Edward VII ngo-1904. Ngexesha eseLondon wapapasha incwadi yakhe yokuqala ethi Zemk’Inkomo Magwalandini, isicengcelezo semibongo yesiNtu, efundisa ngemibhalo yobuKristu nembali yenkonzo. Njengenye yeengqokelela zokuqala zemibongo yezithethe zesiNtu, le ncwadi inembali engacingelekanga nequlathe nexabiso loko kubhaliweyo.

UZemk’Inkomo Magwalandini usisibonelo sezinto ezimbini, malunga nendlela yokucinga yezepolitiki yalo kaRubusana. Wayengumntu wenkolo yezimini, ozinikeleyo, nto leyo ibibonakaliswa kukuzinikela kwakhe kubuKrestu nakwimfundo yaseNtshona, ngaxesha-nye eyiqonda into yokubaluleka kwezithethe nokuxabiseka kwazo kubantu baseAfrika. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-1900 ukuya ku-1910, uRubusana wayesele esaziwa jikelele njengomnye weenkokheli eziphambili kwezopolitiko eMzantsi Afrika. Kwinxalenye yamaAfrika, ebengowesibini emva koJohn T Jabavu ngokokukhula njengombhali. Ngexesha lo kaJabavu ahlehlayo ngenkxaso yakhe kwi-South African Native Convention, neyayibanjelwe eBloemfontein ngo-1909. Kule ngqungquthela kwazenzekela ukuba uRubusana atyunjwe njengoMongameli wayo. Ngexesha abambe esi sikhundla wakhokela iqela elalithunyelwe eLondon kweyeSilimela kwango-1909 lowo.waye wasutywa kukufa sele ehlala eMonti (apho kuye kwathiywa iRegion yezopolitiko yeANC ngaye).